Process for manufacturing briquets from coal, peat, and bog-earth.



PROCESS FOR MANUFACT PATENTED MAY 21, 1907.

J. BUSS.

URING BRIQUETS FROM GOAL, FEAT, AND BOG EARTH.

APPITIOATION rum) NOV. 2a. 1906.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAKOB BUSS, OF MUNICH, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CARL FOHR, OF SCHLOSS WALLENBURG, NEAR MIESBACH, GERMANY.

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING BRIQUETS FROM COAL, FEAT, AND BOG-EARTH? Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 21, 1907.

Application filed November 26, 1906. Serial No. 3%,223.

To all whom it may concern- Be it known that I, J AKOB Buss, a citizen of Germany, residing at Munich, Bavaria, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes for Manufacturing Briquets from Coal, Peat, and lBog- Earth; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing briquets from coal, peat and bogearth.

The manufacture of briquets from browncoal or mineral coal by means of superheated steam at a temperature of about 180 degrees Celsius, using naphthalene as a binding substance, is already known. The use of superheated steam of only 180 degrees Celsius does not, however, allow of the naphthalene being converted into vapor to any extent, the greater part remaining fluid. The briquets manufactured in this way, when subjected to high temperatures, for instance, in ships bunkers and the like, or when subjected to damp air, are certainly somewhat more durable than briquets manufactured without the help of superheated steam. But even these briquets break up very quickly in the fire, so that a great part of the material falls through the interstices of the grate and therefore remains unused. In order to remove this very essential disadvantage, the present process, for the blending of the coal, peat, or bogearth with the naphthalene, makes use of superheated steam of a temperature higher than the boiling-point of naphthalene. The steam temperatures required in this case range from 200 to 400 degrees Celsius, according to the quality of the material used, so that the temperature in the lower part of the furnace in which the superheated steam is directed into the coal, peat, or the like, will be between 200 and 300 degrees in the case of coal, and between 300 and 400 degrees in the case of poor and very damp material such as bog-earth, peat and the like. It is above all essential, that the whole of the naphthalene is distributed among the particles of coal in the form of vapor, whereby it becomes possible, thanks to the use of naphthalene as a binding means, to manufacture good briquets which do not break up in the fire even burned. This isal so partly due to the fact that the high overheating of the steam entirely avoids a too great condensation of the steam and consequent detrimental damping of the blended mass of fuel and naphthalene.

For the performance of the present process the Whole mass, consisting chiefly of coal, peat, bog-earth and the like, to which may advantageously be added a little pitch, and above all with the addition of naphthalene, is to be thoroughly mixed and ground in a suitable machine or contrivance, and then subjected to the action of the superheated steam in a frame or vessel provided with a device for stirring, mixing and kneading. Hereby the moisture is first of all extracted from the mass, Without the same being devaporized to any extent. Through the influence of the highly superheated steam of from 200 to 400 degrees Celsius the naphthalene and the pitch are melted, and the former gradually brought to the boilingpoint, the Whole being transformed into a doughlike mass ready to be pressed into briquets.

In the accompanying drawing, I have shown in section a form of machine adapted to the carrying out of the invention, wherein A and B represent two closed vessels provided respectively with stirrers C and D. The superheated. steam is introduced through the perforated pipes E, while the moist gases formed during the process escape through the pipe G, after the moisture has been completely extracted from the mass of fuel. New briquet-material is constantly introduced through the opening H at the same rate that the treated mass is let off into the mash on the left, where it may undergo an aftertreatment. From here the mass is transferred direct to the press, in which the briquets are pressed warm. The necessary admixture of naphthalene is approximately as follows: for good brown-coal, 111-3% for poor quality brown-coal, 35%; for mineral coal, 13%, and about the same quantity for a mixture of mineral coal and brown-coal for peat, bog-earth and the like, 38%, according to the degree of moisture and the desired heating power.

It will be understood that the present procjecting the mixture during agitation to the ess is equally suited for treating also Waste or gritty coal, peat, bog-earth or the like. In this case the otherwise necessary pulverizing process, by which the raw material is reduced to the fineness of grit, is omitted. And finally, dust coal may also be used for this process. It must be remarked, that even damp coal containing up to 50% of Water, and peat or bog-earth containing up to 80% of Water, can be successfully treated by this process; and further, that brown-coal of poorest quality containing an extremely small admixture of paraffin can be manufactured into very dark-colored, excellent briquets, the dark color especially facilitating a ready sale.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: f

1. An improved process for the manufacture of briquets from coal, peat and the like fuel, Which consists in thoroughly mixing the fuel with naphthalene in the presence of superheated steam at a temperature above the boiling point of the naphthalene.

2. An improved process for the manufacture of briquets from coal, peat and the like fuel, which consists in thoroughly mixing the fuel constituents With naphthalene and subaction of direct steam of a temperature above the boiling point of the naphthalene.

to eight per cent. of naphthalene and subjecting the mixture duringcontinued agitation to the action of direct steam having a temperature above the boiling point of the naphthalene.

5. An improved process for the manufacture of briquets from coal, peat and the like fuel, which consists in thoroughly mixing the fuel constituent With one and one-half to eight per cent. of naphthalene and pitch, subjecting the mixture during continued agitation to the action of direct steam havinga temperature above the boiling point of the naphthalene and then molding.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

' JAKOB BUSS.

Witnesses:

MATHILDE K. HELD, LoUIs MUELLER. 

